The cave, discovered during the Second World War, extends for 1km and covers an area of 14 800m; water streams continuously down its walls. The caverns are artistically lit to show off the splendid limestone concretions in the form of stalagmites, stalactites including excentrics, curtains, low walls and pools. The bones and teeth of cave bears have been found here. The exit, not the same as the entrance, is the natural opening into the cave; superb views over Ioánnina.

This charming little wooded island set in Lake Pamvótis is a green and peaceful paradise, and a haven for frogs and eels - local culinary specialities. Its pretty fishing village and monasteries are worth a visit: Pandeleímonas (16C); St John the Baptist-Pródromos (16C church and a cave); Filanthropiní (13C, altered in the 16C - remarkable 17C frescoes in the church); Stratigópoulos (11C - beautiful 16C frescoes in the church).

Ioánnina Lake (also known as Lake Pamvótis) is contained in a depression lined with alluvium. It collects the waters flowing down from Mount Mitsikéli to the north, and its level varies according to the seasons and the outflow of the swallow holes (katavóthres), worn through the soft limestone around the shore. It is marshy in the northern part, but in the south it reaches 12m in depth; it is liable to sudden storms. The shady walk along its banks beneath the citadel provides a pleasant view of the lake and island.

With its rough stone walls, this little monastery tucked away in the woods resembles a sheepfold. It has been tastefully restored, and a display of icons has been arranged in the narthex. The walls of the 14C church are painted with 16C-17C frescoes. The iconostasis (a screen separating the nave from the rest of the sanctuary) is profusely decorated with gold, carving and icons. The conventual buildings contain the monks' cells and the secret school where the children were taught during the Turkish occupation.